Document Type : Original Article
Author
Ph.D of Public Administration, Qazvin Islamic Azad University, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Qazvin, Iran
Abstract
Paying attention to the dimension of values and their effect on choices, implementation, and monitoring in the public policymaking process leads researchers to consider the role of ideologies in this process. The examination of ideology under the concept of ideas/values in the policymaking process has been growing in recent centuries due to the effects of extreme ideological currents on public policies and their consequences. However, due to the complexity and need for suitable practical tools, public administration researchers have been kept from addressing it. In this regard, in this research, while focusing on which comprehensive value system affects the public policies in the field of higher education in Iran, the authors study the theory-oriented system about the role of ideology in public policy making. Finally, they presented two analytical frameworks to organize the influencing factors of ideology in public policies in Iran in general and in the field of higher education in particular. While obtaining the opinion of a group of experts in this field, they revised and completed it using the Delphi method. The main advantage of these two frameworks is the appropriate summarization of the main dimensions of the concept of ideology and its application in policymaking, which can be used for analytical purposes in the field of public policies. Research in the field of ideology in policymaking using these tools can guide future research while providing a practical tool for researchers and policymakers who wish to reduce the adverse effects of ideology and strengthen its alternatives.
Keywords
- Asian Development Bank & Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2007). Managing Conflict of Interest. Proceedings of the 5th Regional Seminar on making international anti-corruption standard operational. Publications of the ADB/OECD Anti-Corruption Initiative for Asia and the Pacific.
- Auby, J. B., Breen, E., Perroud, T., & Elgar, E. (2014). Corruption and Conflicts of Interest. Edward Elgar Publishing Limited, UK.
- Bakhsaliyev, B. V. (2022). Conflicts of interest in the public sector. Bank and policy, 2(2), 1-6. http://doi.5281/zenodo.5979691
- Costa, J. (2023). Conflict of interest legislation in Brazil, South Korea and the European Union: International case studies. Basel Institute on Governance, Switzerland, 1-47.
- Curzer, H. J., & Santillanes, G. (2012). Managing Conflict of Interest in Research: Some Suggestions for Investigators. Accountability in Research, 19(3), 143-155.
- Delasnerie, A. (2023). Conflict of interests: application of the EU rules in the management of EU funds in the Member States. PE 749.503, Policy Department for Budgetary Affairs, European Parliament, 1-4.
- European Court of Auditors. (2023). Conflict of interest in EU cohesion and gricultural spending: Framework in place but gaps in transparency and detection measures. 1-46.
- European Union Agency. (2023). Rules for the Prevention and Management of Conflict of Interest. European Union Agency for the Operational Management of Large-Scale IT Syatem in the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice, Adopted on 16.11.2023.
- Guba, E. G. (1981). Criteria for assessing the trustworthiness of naturalistic inquiries. Educational Technology Research and Development, 29(2), 75-91. https://doi.org/10.1177/019394599902100603
- Independent Commissioner Against Corruption South Australia. (2021). Identify, Disclose and Manage: Conflicts of Interest in Public Administration. icac.sa.gov.au (The date of visiting the site: 2023-09-15)
- Isufaj, M. (2022). Prevention of Conflict of Interest Situations in Public Administration. Interdisciplinary Journal of Research and Development, 9(4), 86-91. http://doi. 10.56345/ijrdv9n4s213
- Kapras, J. (2023). The Concept of Conflict of Interest as a Decision-Making Problem and Ways of its Resolution. Prague Law, Charles University Law Faculty, 1-14.
- Kendall, J. (1999). Axial Coding and the Grounded Theory Controversy. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 21(6), 743-757.
- Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2003). Managing Conflict of Interest in the Public Service. OECD Guidelines and Country Experiences.
- Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2005). OECD Guidelines for Managing Conflict of Interest in the Public Service. September 2005, Policy Brief.
- Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2022). Recommendation of the Council on OECD Guidelines for Managing Conflict of Interest in the Public Service. OECD/LEGAL/0316.
- Peters, A., & Handschin, L., & Hogger, D. (2012). Conflict of Interest in Global, Public and Corporate Governance. Cambridge, University Press.
- Resnik, D. (2023). Disclosing and managing non-financial conflicts of interest in scientific publications. Research Ethics, 19(2), 121-138. http://doi.1177/17470161221148387
- Solberg, T. D. (2023). Conflict of interest and disclosure in healthcare: We can do better. Journal of Applied Clinical, 24(5), 1-3.
- Strauss, A. L., & Corbin, J. (1990). Basics of Qualitative Research: Techniques and Procedures for Developing Grounded Theory. London: Sage Publications.
- Transparency International. (2018). Conflict of Interest as a Risk of Fraud. Ceska Republika.
- United Nations. (2021). Addressing High-Level Conflict of Interest in Southeast Asia. UNODC Regional Office for Southeast Asia and the Pacific.https://www.unodc.org/roseap/en/what-we-do/anti-corruption/topics/2021/08-addressing-high-level-conflict-of-interest-southeast-asia.html (The date of visiting the site: 2023-10-08)
- Vugar Bakhsaliyev, B. (2022). Conflicts of Interest in the Public Sector. Bank and Policy, 2(1), 1-6. http://doi.10.5281/zenodo.5979691
- World Health Organization. (2015). Addressing and managing conflicts of interest in the planning and delivery of nutrition programmers at country level. Report of a technical consultation convened in Geneva, Switzerland, on 8–9 October 2015.
- Ansari, B. (2022). Managing Conflicts of Interest in the Public Sector. Public Law Studies Quarterly, 52(1), 297-321. https://doi.org/10.22059/jplsq.2020.292517.2235 [In Persian]
- Bagheri, M., & Shirmardi Dezaki, M. (2020). State Participation in Petroleum Exploration and Production Projects: Concept, Objects and Challenges. Journal of Researches Energy Law Studies, 5(2), 251-273. http://doi. 10.22059/JRELS.2020.247820.170 [In Persian]
- Baramaki Yazdi, H., Manzoor, D., & Shadkar, M. S. (2020). Optimization of Upstream Oil and Gas Contracts: A Principal-Agent Model. Economics Research, 20(76). 187-222. [In Persian]
- Fakhrizadeh, H., & Mirzaei, H. (2022). Oil and gas industry in Ferkhes and its economic consequences: a qualitative look at the attitude of local stakeholders (villagers). Economic Sociology and Development, (1)11, 117-147. http://Jeds.2022.47149.1546/10.22034 [In Persian]
- Hajian, M. M., & Imani, M. A. (2022). Legislation of markets and financial instruments in Iran with emphasis on energy and oil derivative transactions. Energy Law Studies, (2)8, 294-275.http://doi. 10.22059/JRELS.2022.303736.37 [In Persian]
- Iranpour, F. (2007). General principles of oil contracts. Private Law Studies, (3) 37, 1-28. ttp://doi 1001.1.25885618.1386.37.3.1.5 [In Persian]
- Islamic Council Parliament. (2019). How to manage conflict of interest in performing legal duties and providing public services. Deputy of Laws, 11th period, 1st year, registration number 758. [In Persian]
- Mohammadi, M., Mohammadi, S., & Siraj, P. (2023). Investigating the impact of industry expertise and legal expertise of audit committee members on the company's audit quality. Capital Market Analysis, 3(3), 166-135. [In Persian]
- Parimi, A., Zakeryan, M., & Arabian, A. (2022). The role of conflict of interest in shaping the harms of administrative health policies. Administrative Law, 9(29), 27-55 [In Persian]
- Parliament Research Center. (2021). Conflict of interest in the field of health. Deputy of Monitoring and Management Studies. Subject code 290, serial number 17731. [In Persian]
- Parliament Research Center. (2022). Conflict of interest in the country's banking system. Office of Management Studies, subject code 290, serial number 18380. [In Persian]
)